Literature Cited on Tropical Logging and the Logging/Fire Synergy

Cochrane, M. A, and M. D. Schulze. 1999. Fire as a recurrent event in tropical forests of the eastern Amazon: effects on forest structure, biomass, and species composition. Biotropica 31:2-16.

Cochrane, M. A., and M. D. Schulze. 1998. Forest fires in the Brazilian Amazon. Conservation Biology 12:948-950.

Cochrane, M. A., A. Alencar, M. D. Schulze, C. M. Souza, Jr., D. C. Nepstad, P. Lefebvre, and E. Davidson. 1999. Positive feedbacks in the fire dynamic of closed canopy tropical forests. Science 284:1832-1835.

Gullison, R. E., and J. J. Hardner. 1993. The effects of road design and harvest intensity on forest damage caused by selective logging: empirical results and a simulation model from the Bosque Chimanes, Bolivia. Forest Ecology and Management 59:1-14.

Laurance, W. F., M. A. Cochrane, S. Bergen, P. M. Fearnside, P. Delamonica, C. Barber, S. D'Angelo, and T. Fernandes. 2001. Science 291:438-439.

Nepstad, D. C., A. Ver�ssimo, A. Alencar, C. Nobre, E. Lima, P. Lefebvre, P. Schlesinger, C. Potter, P. Moutinho, E. Mendoz, M. A. Cochrane, and V. Brooks. 1999. Large-scale impoverishment of Amazonian forests by logging and fire. Nature 398:505-508.

Uhl, C., and I. C. G. Vieira. 1989. Ecological impacts of selective loggin in the Brazilian Amazon: a case study from the Paragominas region of the state of Par�. Biotropica 21:98-106.

Whitman, A. A., N. V. L. Brokaw, and J. M. Hagan III. 1997. Forest damage caused by selection logging of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) in northern Belize. Forest Ecology and Management 92:37-96.

Whitman, A. A., J. M. Hagan III, and N.V. L. Brokaw. 1998. Effects of selection logging on birds in northern Belize. Biotropica 30:449-457.

(Additional articles by M. A. Cochrane on the logging/fire synergy are currently in press.)

Sources on Tropical Deforestation and the Impending Extinction Crisis

Houghton, R. A. 1994. The worldwide extent of land-use change. BioScience 44:305-313.

Kummer, D. M., and B. L. Turner II. 1994. The human causes of deforestation in southeast Asia. BioScience 44:323-328.

Laurance, W. F., and R. O. Bierregaard, Jr. 1997. Tropical forest remnants: ecology, management, and conservation of fragmented communities. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Moran, E. F., E. Brondizio, P. Mausel, and Y. Wu. 1994. Integrating Amazonian vegetation, land-use, and satellite data. BioScience 44:329-338.

Myers, N. 1980. Conversion of tropical moist forests. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C. (also cited at times with NAS [National Academy of Sciences] as author).

Reaka-Kudla, M. L., D. E. Wilson, and E. O. Wilson, Eds. 1997. Biodiversity II. Joseph Henry Press, Washington, D. C.

Skole, D. L, W. H. Chomentowski, W. A. Salas, and A. D. Nobre. 1994. Physical and human dimensions of deforestation in Amazonia. BioScience 44:314-322.

Southgate, D. 1998. Tropical forest conservation: an economic assessment of the alternatives in Latin America. Oxford University Press, Oxford. We especially recommend this short, highly readable book, which gives a clear-eyed analysis of potential solutions to the problem of tropical deforestation.

Whitmore, T. C., and J. A. Sayer, Eds. 1992. Tropical deforestation and species extinction. Chapman and Hall, London.

Wilson, E. O., Ed. 1988. Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.

Wilson, E. O. 1992. The diversity of life. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MASS.